水下运动目标浅海低频矢量干涉谱研究

Research on Low-Frequency Vector Interference Spectra of Underwater Moving Targets in Shallow Water

摘要:

水下运动目标辐射噪声分析一直是水下攻防所关注的热点，在噪声级逐渐降低的背景下，为了获得更多声场信息，学者们将目光转向低频矢量声场。对浅海矢量声场干涉结构的形成机理进行了研究，使用三参数模型方法对水下运动目标辐射噪声进行建模，推导了所产生干涉条纹的轨迹方程，并系统分析了 CPA （Closest Point of Approach，CPA）点最近通过距离、接收点深度、海底参数及声速梯度等参数对矢量声场干涉条纹结构特征与强度的影响。最后利用实测水文数据对矢量声场干涉现象进行了具体分析与验证，结果表明矢量声场蕴含独特的干涉信息，为低频浅海目标探测及声场特性分析提供新的理论依据。

Abstract:

The analysis of radiated noise from underwater moving targets has always been a hot topic in underwater attack and defense. In the context of gradually decreasing noise levels，scholars have turned their attention to low-frequency vector sound fields in order to obtain more sound field information. In this article，the formation mechanism of shallow water vector acoustic interference structures is studied. The radiated noise of underwater moving targets is modeled using a three-parameter model method，and the trajectory equation of interference fringes is derived. The effects of CPA（closest point of approach）distance，receiver depth，seabed parameters and sound velocity gradient on the structure characteristics and intensity of vector sound field interference fringes are systematically analyzed. Finally，the interference phenomenon of vector sound fields is analyzed and verified using the measured hydrological data. The results show that the vector sound fields contain unique interference information，and the deep mining of their formation rules and characteristics can provide a new theoretical basis for low-frequency shallow water target detection and sound field characteristic analysis.