非均匀声矢量线阵差分波束形成方法

A Differential Beamforming Method Based on Non-Uniform Linear Acoustic Vector Sensor Array

摘要:

为提升差分波束形成器的鲁棒性，提出了一种基于非均匀声矢量线阵的差分波束形成方法。通过无失真约束与极值约束实现了理想可转向差分波束图设计，通过对比波束响应与理想可转向差分波束图， 得到基于麦克劳林级数的最小范数解。从理论上分析了在非均匀线阵下阵元间距对白噪声增益的影响，证明了在优化阵元位置后可以实现鲁棒性差分波束形成器的设计。不同于传统差分方法，所提出方法可以在不损失空间增益的情况下提升差分波束形成器的鲁棒性。数值仿真证明：所提出方法在非均匀线阵下可以实现转向同时具有更高的空间增益。

Abstract:

In order to improve the robustness of the differential beamformer，a differential beamforming method based on non-uniform linear acoustic vector sensor array is proposed in this paper. The design of ideal steerable differential beampattern is realized by distortionless constraint and extreme value constraint，and the minimum-norm solution based on the McLaughlin series is obtained by comparing the beam response with the ideal steerable differential beampattern. The effect of the sensor spacing on white noise gain under a non-uniform linear array is theoretically analyzed，and it is demonstrated that the design of a robust differential beamformer can be achieved after optimizing the position of the sensors. Unlike the traditional differential method，the proposed method can enhance the robustness of the differential beamformer without loss of spatial gain. Numerical simulations are used to demonstrate that the proposed method can realize steering with higher spatial gain under non-uniform linear array.