俄乌冲突中无人艇攻防及其启示

Attack and Defense of Unmanned Surface Vehicles in Russia-Ukraine Conflict and its Enlightenment

摘要:

俄乌冲突中，乌克兰无人艇以其小体积、低成本、机动灵活等独特优势，塑造了“以小博大” 的经典战例，为无人艇在现代战争中成体系运用提供了“试验场”。基于开源情报信息，通过梳理俄乌冲突中无人艇攻防装备情况，总结双方攻防作战样式，然后结合俄乌冲突中无人艇的应用案例分析了无人艇作战的优势与不足，最后从体系建设、预警探测、综合防抗、装备研发 4 个方面展望了反无人艇装备的发展趋势。

Abstract:

In the Russia-Ukraine conflict，Ukraine's unmanned surface vehicles（USVs），with their unique advantages such as small size，low cost，and flexibility，have created a classic example of "the smaller defeats the bigger"，providing a "testing ground" for the systematic application of USVs in modern warfare. Based on open source intelligence information，the offensive and defensive combat methods of USVs on both sides are summarized by sorting the offensive and defensive equipment of Russian and Ukrainian USVs，and then the advantages and disadvantages of USV operations are analyzed in combination with the application cases of USVs in the Russian-Ukrainian conflict，and finally the development trend of anti-USV equipment is prospected from four aspects：system construction，early warning and detection，comprehensive defense and resistance，and equipment research and development.