磁探测技术在小目标探测中的研究与应用进展

Research and Application Progress of Magnetic Detection Technology in Small Target Detection

摘要:

在地磁场的作用下铁磁性物体会产生磁异常，交变磁场的激励下非磁性或弱磁性金属目标亦可产生涡流磁场。磁探测技术正是基于这一特性来检测、识别和定位物体的技术手段。该技术的应用范围十分广泛，在矿产勘探、地质研究、国防军事、航空航天、生物医学等领域发挥着不可或缺的作用。综述了磁探测技术在小目标探测中的研究和应用进展，给出了小目标所产生磁信号的典型描述方法，重点分析了被动和主动磁探测各自的优劣和研究应用进展，分类总结了定位和识别小目标的数据处理与解算方法，最后展望了在小目标领域中磁探测技术的发展趋势和前景。

Abstract:

Ferromagnetic objects produce magnetic anomalies under the geomagnetic field ， while non-magnetic or weakly magnetic metal targets can also generate eddy current magnetic fields under the excitation of alternating magnetic fields. Magnetic detection technology is a technical method for detecting，identifying，and locating these objects. This technology is widely used in mineral exploration，geological research，national defense and military，aerospace，biomedical and other fields. In this article，the research and application progress of magnetic detection technology for small targets is summarized. First，typical description methods for magnetic signals generated by small targets are provided. Then，the advantages and disadvantages of passive and active magnetic detection are analyzed. The data processing and solution methods for locating and identifying small targets are summarized. Finally，the development trends of magnetic detection technology for small targets are prospected.