水下航行器尾涡场的数值仿真与声信号特性研究

Research on Simulation and Acoustic Signal Characteristics of Underwater Vehicle Wake Vortex Fields

摘要:

为研究水下航行器产生的尾涡在水下目标探测上的应用，基于 Fluent 仿真软件和全附体 Suboff 模型，对水下航行器直航、俯仰、偏航工况下的尾涡场进行仿真与分析，研究水下航行器尾涡场对声信号相位特性的影响。研究结果表明：采用垂直线列阵探测航行器偏航运动产生的尾涡时，声信号存在明显的相位跳变；水平线列阵探测航行器俯仰运动产生的尾涡时，声信号存在明显的相位跳变；航行器直航运动时，由于尾涡空间结构的对称性，采用上述 2 种类型阵列探测，通过尾涡的声信号未呈现明显的相位跳变。航行器的运动参数变化会影响尾涡的空间分布与强度，从而影响声信号相位跳变特性。基于水下航行器运动状态与尾涡场的关联，以及尾涡场与声信号相位跳变的关联，可发展水下航行器间接探测方法，实现水下航行器的探测与运动状态判断。

Abstract:

To investigate the application of underwater vehicle wake vortices in underwater target detection， simulation and analysis of wake vortex fields under straight navigation，pitch，and yaw conditions are conducted using Fluent software and the fully appended Suboff model. The influence of the wake vortex fields of underwater vehicles on the phase characteristics of acoustic signals are studied. The results demonstrate that there is obvious phase transition in acoustic signals when vertical linear array is used to monitor yaw-induced wake vortices，while similar phase discontinuities occur when horizontal linear array is used to observe pitch-generated vortices. In contrast，straight navigation produces symmetric wake fields that prevent detectable phase transition in either array configuration. Variations in vehicle motion parameters alter spatial distribution and intensity of wake vortices， thereby affecting phase jump characteristics. By leveraging the correlation between vehicle motion states and wake vortex fields，along with the association between wake vortex fields and acoustic signal phase jumps，an indirect detection method could be developed for underwater vehicle detection and motion state identification.