水下航行器尾涡场的数值仿真与声信号特性研究

Research on Simulation and acoustic signal characteristics of underwater vehicle trailing vortex field

摘要:

为研究水下航行器产生的尾涡在水下目标探测上的应用，基于Fluent仿真软件和全附体Suboff模型，对水下航行器直航、俯仰、偏航工况下的尾涡场进行仿真与分析，研究水下航行器尾涡场对声信号相位特性的影响。研究结果表明，采用垂直线列阵探测航行器偏航运动产生的尾涡时，声信号存在明显的相位跳变；采用水平线列阵探测航行器俯仰运动产生的尾涡时，声信号存在明显的相位跳变;采用垂直和水平阵列探测航行器直航运动产生的尾涡时，由于尾涡空间结构的对称性，声信号未呈现明显的相位跳变。航行器的运动参数变化会影响尾涡的空间分布与强度，从而影响声信号相位跳变特性。基于水下航行器运动状态与尾涡场的关联，以及尾涡场与声信号相位跳变的关联，可发展水下航行器间接探测方法，实现水下航行器的探测与运动状态判断。

Abstract:

To investigate the application of underwater vehicle wake vortices in underwater target detection, this study conducted simulation and analysis of wake vortex fields under straight navigation, pitching, and yawing conditions using Fluent software and the fully appended Suboff model. The research focused on phase characteristic variations of acoustic signals in underwater vehicle wake fields. Results demonstrate that when detecting yaw-induced wake vortices with vertical linear arrays, significant phase jumps occur in acoustic signals. Similarly, horizontal linear arrays detecting pitch-induced wake vortices exhibit distinct phase jumps. However, symmetric spatial structures of straight navigation-induced wake vortices prevent noticeable phase jumps in both array configurations. Variations in vehicle motion parameters alter spatial distribution and intensity of wake vortices, thereby affecting phase jump characteristics. By leveraging the correlation between vehicle motion states and wake vortex fields, along with the association between wake vortex fields and acoustic signal phase jumps, an indirect detection method could be developed for underwater vehicle detection and motion state identification.