超空泡滑行力与弧形水面的入水问题

Supercavitation Sliding Force and Water Entry on Curved Surfaces

摘要:

水下超空泡航行体利用高速航行时产生的超空泡包裹大部分弹体，使弹体表面不与水流体接触， 从而可大幅减少摩擦阻力，是当前实现水下超高速航行的重要减阻技术之一。在空泡内部，航行体尾部有一部分会碰撞到空泡壁面或在空泡壁面上滑行，由此形成的水动力称为超空泡滑行力，它是影响水下超空泡航行体运动性能的关键水动力，也是超空泡航行体研究领域中的重要课题和难点。梳理了超空泡滑行力理论研究从简单到复杂的发展历史，对比分析了超空泡滑行力模型与平面入水理论的内在联系，揭示了超空泡滑行力建模方法是 WAGNER 平面入水理论在弧形水面上的推广和应用，指出了其中的关键突破是解决了物体在弧形水面上的入水问题，为准确理解和进一步发展超空泡滑行力模型提供了思路。

Abstract:

The underwater supercavitating vehicle utilizes the supercavity generated during high-speed navigation to enclose most of the missile body，preventing the surface of the missile body from contacting water fluid. Thus，it can significantly reduce frictional resistance and is one of the important drag reduction technologies for underwater super-high-speed navigation at present. Inside the supercavity，a part of the vehicle tail will collide with the supercavity wall or slide on it. The resulting hydrodynamic force is called the supercavitation sliding force，which is a key hydrodynamic force affecting the motion performance of underwater vehicle bodies and is also an important topic and difficulty in the field of supercavitating vehicle body research. In this paper，the development history of the theoretical research on supercavitation sliding force is reviewed. The intrinsic connection between the supercavitation sliding force and the theory of planar entry into water is analyzed comparatively. It is revealed that the modeling method of supercavitation sliding force is the extension and application of WAGNER's theory of planar entry into water on curved water surfaces. It points out that the key breakthrough among them is to solve the problem of objects entering water on curved water surfaces，providing ideas for accurately understanding and further developing the supercavitation sliding force model.