不同头型航行体高速倾斜入水载荷试验研究

Experimental Investigation on high-speed inclined water-entry load of different head-shaped vehicles

摘要:

航行体入水瞬间会受到极大的冲击载荷,可能会对弹体结构造成破坏甚至影响入水弹道稳定性。本文以设计头型与经典头型试验弹为研究对象,开展跨介质高速入水载荷测试试验,获得了跨介质高速入水过程中流线型试验弹的轴向过载及冲击载荷的变化规律,验证了跨介质高速入水过程中的运动规律及空化发展规律,分析流场特性与演变过程。试验结果表明,随着速度增加,流动形成与发展阶段试验弹存在空泡闭合阶段与轴向过载稳定段。对比分析了跨介质高速入水过程中不同头型的轴向过载、入水冲击载荷的变化规律,并与MK46外形试验弹、超空泡头型试验弹入水载荷进行对比。结果表明流线型外形撞水阻力系数为0.023,MK46外形试验弹外形为0.265,超空泡外形为0.12,本文所用的流线型头型入水降载效果显著。

Abstract:

The Vehicle will be subjected to a great impact load at the moment of water entry, which may cause damage to the structure of the projectile and even affect the stability of the water entry trajectory. In this paper, the designed head-shaped and classical head-shaped test projectile are taken as the research objects, and the trans-media high-speed water-entry impact load experiment is carried out. The variation law of axial overload and impact load of the streamlined test projectile during the trans-media high-speed water-entry process is obtained. The motion law and cavitation development law during the trans-media high-speed water-entry process are verified, and the flow field characteristic and evolution process are analyzed. The experimental results show that with the increase of velocity, there are cavitation closure stage and axial overload stability stage in the flow formation and development stage. The variation law of axial overload and water entry impact load of different head types in the process of high-speed water entry across the media is compared and analyzed, and compared with the water entry load of MK46 projectile and supercavitating head type test projectile. The results show that the resistance coefficient of the streamlined shape is 0.023, the MK46 shape is 0.265, and the supercavitation shape is 0.12. The streamlined head used in this paper has a significant effect on water entry and load reduction.