柔性翼仿生水空跨介质航行器研究现状

Research Status of Flexible Wing Bionic Underwater-aerial Cross-domain Vehicles

摘要:

水空跨介质航行器凭借其能够在水下和空中 2 种介质中航行的特性，在近几年一直保持着很高的研究热度。跨介质航行器在军用和民用领域的应用前景均非常广阔，不仅能够完成水下侦察、探测等工作， 还能实现高速巡航和隐蔽突防。该类航行器需要自主完成出入水过程，故以一些能够穿越水气界面并在 2 种介质中行动的动物为研究对象展开的仿生研究也成为了持续关注的焦点。由于柔性材料更符合自然界中一些生物的身体构造，且柔性机翼的设计有助于解决采用刚性机翼时出现的一些问题，柔性翼仿生跨介质航行器有着广阔的研究前景。简要介绍了目前国内外已有的刚性翼跨介质航行器，重点介绍柔性翼仿生水空跨介质航行器的研究成果，并探讨目前柔性翼仿生水空跨介质航行器研制过程中可能出现的难点。

Abstract:

Due to the capability of sailing in both water and air，underwater-aerial cross-domain vehicle has maintained high research interest in recent years. The vehicle has wide and bright application prospects in both military and civil field，as it can not only complete underwater reconnaissance and detection，but also realize high-speed cruise and covert penetration. The vehicle needs to complete the process of entering and exiting water autonomously，which results in the bionic research on some animals that can cross the water-air interface and move in two mediums has also become the focus of continuous attention. Flexible materials are more consistent with the body structure of some creatures，and flexible wings are helpful to solve some problems that exist in rigid wings，thus flexible wing bionic underwater-aerial cross-domain vehicles have broad research prospect. The existing rigid wing bionic underwater-aerial cross-domain vehicles at home and abroad are briefly introduced. The research results of flexible wing bionic underwater-aerial cross-domain vehicles are introduced in detail，and the difficulties that may arise in the development of the flexible wing bionic underwater-aerial cross-domain vehicles are discussed.