国内外多普勒计程仪发展现状和展望

Current Status and Outlook of Development of Doppler Velocity Log at Home and Abroad

摘要:

声学多普勒测速计程仪（DVL）是利用多普勒效应研制的一种为水面、水下载体提供速度信息并计量航程的自主导航设备。对 DVL 的发展现状进行了分析，对美国 Teledyne RDI 公司目前在产的 4 款 DVL 系列化产品特征和性能进行了阐述。针对当前研究的关键技术难点，如大深度多普勒计程仪体积受限、水面航船空化造成能量衰减导致作用距离降低、航船姿态摇摆和安装误差、非典型海底地形等因素导致解算错误等问题进行了分析，从工程实用角度展望并分析了未来的研究发展趋势及面临的挑战，为高精度 DVL 产品的设计提供了有益参考。

Abstract:

Doppler Velocity Log（DVL）is an autonomous navigation device developed using the Doppler effect to provide velocity information and to measure the range of surface and underwater vehicles. The current status of DVL development is analyzed and the characteristics and performance of the four serialized DVL products currently produced by Teledyne RDI in the USA are elaborated. An analysis is conducted on key technical difficulties in current research，such as the contradiction between bottom track range and limited volume of DVL，reduced range due to energy attenuation caused by cavitation effect，ship attitude sway and installation errors，and calculation errors caused by atypical seafloor topography. Future research development trends and challenges are prospected and analyzed to provide useful references for the design of high-precision DVL products.