水下仿生流场探测技术研究进展

A Review on Technology Based on Bionics for Underwater Flow Field Detection

摘要:

随着对海洋的探索与开发，水下探测技术的发展起到了重要作用。水生动物的敏感器官如鱼类的侧线和海豹的胡须等可感知物体运动产生的水动力尾迹，受此启发，仿生流场探测技术克服了光学与声学探测在水下复杂环境中近场感知的局限性，已成为目前的研究热点。本文先对典型水下探测技术的研究现状进行了总结；然后，解释了水下仿生流场探测的原理，总结了基于不同原理设计的仿生流场传感器的研究进展；分析了水动力流场探测方法的研究进展；最后，给出了水下仿生流场探测工作中亟需解决的关键问题，并对未来的研究方向做了进一步展望。

Abstract:

With the exploration of the ocean, the development of underwater detection technology has played an important role. Sensitive organs of aquatic animal, such as lateral lines of fish and whiskers of seals, can sense the hydrodynamic wake generated by the movement of objects. Inspired by them, the bionic flow field detection technology overcomes the limitations of optical and acoustic detection in the near-field perception of complex underwater environments, and has become a research hotspot. Firstly, this paper has summarized the research status of typical underwater detection technology. Then, the principle of underwater biomimetic flow field detection is explained, and the research progress of bionic flow field sensors based on different principles is summarized. The research progress of hydrodynamic flow field detection methods is analyzed. Finally, the key problems that need to be solved in the detection of underwater bionic flow field are summarized, and the future research direction is further prospected.