Study on ELF Electric Field Characteristics in Air-ground Two-layer Medium
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摘要:
极低频电磁波在海洋资源勘探、海洋污染源实时监控、自然灾害预测、海上辅助导航、国防监测等方面有广泛的应用，对其进行研究具有重大的意义。介绍了开展的陆上极低频电场特性试验，理论分析与试验结果相结合，验证了水平电偶极子产生电场强度的传播衰减规律。试验结果表明：收发距 0~10 km 时，信号响应强度快速衰减；10~25.4 km 时，信号强度衰减由快速变为缓慢；超过 25.4 km 后信号响应趋于平缓。为了证明电磁波传播时地下信道的存在，进行了波速测量。试验结果表明：陆上 1 Hz 透地电磁波的波速约为 55 km/s，对应电导率σ=0.003 3 S/m，证明了地下信道的存在。
Abstract:
Extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves have been widely used in marine resource exploration，marine pollution source real-time monitoring，natural disaster prediction，marine assisted navigation， national defense monitoring and so on. It is of great significance to study on them. In this paper，experiments on the characteristics of extremely low frequency（ELF）electric field are carried out on land. The propagation attenuation law of electric field intensity generated by horizontal electric dipole（HED）is verified by theoretical analysis and experiments. The test results show that the signal response intensity decays rapidly when the transmitting-receiving distance is 0~10 km，and the signal intensity decays slowly when the distance is 10~25.4 km. The signal response tends to be flat when the distance exceeds 25.4 km. The wave velocity measurement experiment is carried out to prove the existence of underground channel when electromagnetic wave propagates. The test results show that the velocity of 1 Hz electromagnetic wave on land is about 55 km/s，corresponding to the conductivity σ= 0.0033 S/m， which proves the existence of underground channel.
