舰载直升机中磁罗盘方位角测量误差分析

Analysis of Azimuth Measurement Error of Magnetic Compass in Shipborne Helicopter

摘要:

舰载直升机上安装的磁罗盘方位角测量精度不仅会受直升机自身的磁干扰影响，在舰载直升机起飞、降落以及低空飞越舰船时，还会受舰船上存在的磁干扰影响。论述了磁罗盘工作原理以及方位角测量误差产生的机理，并对舰载直升机中磁罗盘的磁干扰校准给出了可行的方法。同时，对舰载直升机以不同方位角、不同高度在舰船上空飞越时，磁罗盘方位角受舰船磁干扰的影响进行了深入分析，并通过 MATLAB 仿真进行了验证。

关键词:磁罗盘;方位角;误差分析

Abstract:

The azimuth measurement accuracy of the magnetic compass installed on the shipboard helicopter is not only affected by the magnetic interference of the helicopter itself，but also by the magnetic interference existing on the ship when the shipboard helicopter takes off，lands and flies over the ship at low altitude. In this paper，the working principle of the magnetic compass and the mechanism of azimuth measurement error are discussed，and a feasible method for magnetic interference calibration of the magnetic compass in the shipboard helicopter is proposed. At the same time，the influence of the ship magnetic interference on the azimuth of the magnetic compass when the shipboard helicopter flies over the ship at different azimuth angles and heights is analyzed. It is then verified through MATLAB simulation.

Key words:magnetic compass;azimuth;error analysis