面向水下无线传感器网络的介电弹性体能量收集技术研究

Research on Dielectric Elastomer-based Energy Harvesting Technology for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

摘要:

水下无线传感器网络为海洋资源勘探、海洋灾害预警、海洋权益维护和海洋安全防御等提供了重要助力。然而，利用传统蓄电池对传感器进行供电的方式，需要定期充电或更换蓄电池，难以保证长时间持续可靠工作，介电弹性体能量收集技术原位供电成为解决这一难题的有效途径。目前，面向水下能量收集的介电弹性体发电机（DEG）存在能量收集性能低的问题，针对该问题，通过构建的 DEG 理论模型，研究不同参数下 DEG 的动态响应和能量收集性能，以探究提高其能量收集性能的方法。结果表明：增大负载电阻或提高 DEG 拉升阶段在其周期中所占时间比可以增强其能量密度。研究结果能够为增强介电弹性体水下能量收集性能提供新途径。

Abstract:

Underwater wireless sensor networks provide important support for marine resource exploration， marine disaster warning，maintenance of maritime rights and interests，and marine security defense. However，the traditional way of using batteries to power the sensors requires regular charging or replacement of the battery，which cannot ensure long-term continuous and reliable work. The dielectric elastomer-based energy harvesting technology can solve the in-situ power supply problem. Due to the problem that the dielectric elastomer generators（DEGs） output less electrical energy in underwater energy harvesting，the dynamic response and energy harvesting performance of the DEG is investigated by the developed theorical model to explore the effective method for performance improvement. Results show that increasing the load resistance or time ratio of the stretching process in a cycle period can improve the energy density of the DEG. This conclusion can prove guidance for optimizing the DEG to enhance the performance in underwater energy harvesting.