二维透声窗遮挡损失计算方法研究

Research on the Calculation Method of Insertion Loss of Two-dimensional Sound Transmission Window

摘要:

为了水下探测和声对抗，舰艇艏部舱室通常安装主动声呐设备，声呐发射声波经由透声窗向外传播，因此，开展透声窗声学特性的相关研究具有重大现实意义。为解决实际工程中透声窗透声性能计算较困难这一问题，一种用于快速预报透声窗的遮挡损失的解析-数值混合方法被提出。该方法用球谐波展开法和叠加原理求解阵列活塞声源声场，得到声激励下透声窗模型表面的声压和法向振速，进而利用COMSOL的Kirchhoff-Helmholtz模块通过再辐射的方法求解模型的遮挡损失。最后，建立了一个二维透声窗模型，分别采用解析-数值混合方法和纯有限元法计算了其全方位的遮挡损失，验证了该方法的准确性、有效性

Abstract:

For the purpose of underwater detection and acoustic countermeasures, active sonar equipment is usually installed in the bow compartment of ships, and the sonar-emitting acoustic waves are propagated outward through the transmissive windows, therefore, the research on the sound transmission properties of transmissive windows is of great practical significance. In order to solve the practical problem that it is difficult to calculate the sound transmission performance of the transmissive window, a hybrid analytical-numerical method is proposed for fast prediction of the obscuration loss of the transmissive window. Firstly, the spherical harmonic expansion method and the superposition principle is utilized to calculate the sound field of the array piston source and then to obtain the sound pressure and normal vibration velocity caused by the source excitation. Secondly, the method of re-radiation, included in the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz module of COMSOL, is invoked to solve the obstruction loss. Finally, a two-dimensional transmissive window model is established, and its all-round shielding loss is calculated by the method of this paper and the pure finite element method, respectively, to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the method.