面向长时水声通信数据采集与评估的浮标设计与实现

Design and implementation of buoy for long time underwater acoustic communication data acquisition and evaluation

摘要:

复杂海洋环境导致水声信道呈现随机时-空-频变特性,特别是浅海信道受界面、人为干扰的严重影响,对水声通信造成极大困难。近年来人工智能领域机器学习等技术飞速发展,为提高复杂环境下水声通信可靠性提供了新思路。但是,由于水声信道复杂多变、缺乏普适模型,从机器学习角度而言水声通信数据样本严重不足,传统单次、短时水声通信实验采集的数据无法充分表征水声信道空间、时间特性。通过长期部署水声通信及信号采集设备,可望在一定程度上丰富通信数据,为典型海域下人工智能水声通信研究提供数据支持。本文设计并实现了一种浅海水声通信浮标,搭载水声通信系统可实现长时浅海水声通信数据采集、性能评估,同时依托北斗系统具备远程状态显示、功能控制功能。厦门港海域实验表明,依托浮标采集的长时水声通信数据可开展水声通信性能评估、信道特性与通信性能关联度分析,为下一步工作打下了良好的基础。

Abstract:

The complicated ocean environment results in the random time-space-frequency variation of underwater acoustic channel, especially the shallow water channel is seriously affected by interface and human interference, which causes great difficulties to underwater acoustic communication. In recent years, the rapid development of machine learning technology in the field of artificial intelligence provides a new idea for improving the reliability of underwater acoustic communication in complex environment. However, due to the complexity and variability of underwater acoustic channel and the lack of universal model, underwater acoustic communication data samples are seriously insufficient from the perspective of machine learning, and the data collected by traditional single and short-term underwater acoustic communication experiments cannot fully represent the spatial and temporal characteristics of underwater acoustic channel. Through long-term deployment of underwater acoustic communication and signal acquisition equipment, it is expected to enrich communication data to a certain extent and provide data support for the research of artificial intelligence underwater acoustic communication under typical sea areas. In this paper, a shallow acoustic communication buoy is designed and implemented. Equipped with an underwater acoustic communication system, it can realize data collection and performance evaluation of long time shallow acoustic communication. At the same time, it can provide remote status display and function control functions based on the Beidou System. The shallow sea experiment shows that the underwater acoustic communication data collected by long time buoy is of positive significance to the evaluation of underwater acoustic communication performance in shallow sea channel and the correlation analysis of channel characteristics and communication performance.