Underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) is a new type of underwater communication technology, which has the advantages of good confidentiality and high reliability. It is of great significance for the construction of all-optical three-dimensional communication network and 6G air space Haiti integrated all-round communication. This paper analyzes the advantages of underwater optical communication compared with other traditional underwater communication methods, summarizes the development history and progress of underwater optical communication, and compares two mainstream light sources of underwater optical communication: laser light source and LED light source. Aiming at the problems of underwater optical communication at present, a perfect block diagram of underwater optical communication system is proposed, the corresponding hardware system is developed, and the underwater communication debugging is completed. Underwater optical communication is a new practical communication mode, which has the characteristics of flexibility, confidentiality and high speed. It will be further developed and applied in the 6G era in the future.
