微弱信号被动检测的STMV波束形成方法研究

Research on Weak Signal Passive Detection Based on Steered Minimum Variance Beamforming

摘要:

针对在干扰背景中水下微弱信号的目标检测以及来波方向估计问题，研究了基于导向最小方差 (Steered Minimum Variance，STMV)的子带极值能量检测(Sub-band Extreme Energy Detection，SEED)方法的检测性能，并与常规能量检测(Conventional Energy Detection，CED)和常规波束形成(Conventional Beamforming，CBF)进行了比较分析。仿真与试验结果表明：SEED 方法的检测性能优于 CED 方法，STMV 方法能够在低信噪比下分辨目标与干扰，而基于 STMV–SEED 方法的多目标分辨能力优于 CBF–SEED 方法。

关键词:子带极值能量检测;常规波束形成;导向最小方差波束形成;多目标分辨

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems of underwater weak signal detection and incoming wave direction estimation under interfering background，the detection performance of Sub-band Extreme Energy Detection(SEED) based on Steered Minimum Variance(STMV)adaptive beamforming is studied，and compared with Conventional Energy Detection(CED)and Conventional Beamforming(CBF). Simulation and experimental results indicate that SEED has better detection performance than CED，the STMV method can distinguish target and interference in low SNR，and the STMV–SEED method is superior to the CBF–SEED method in multi-target resolution performance.

Key words:Sub-band Extreme Energy Detection;Conventional Beamforming;Steered Minimum Variance Beamforming;multi-target resolution