A simulation model is established for the technical requirements of tracking and positioning chemical traces of underwater explosives. The process of simulating UUV in the water environment to track the chemical plume and locate the source is completed. The simulation model can form different chemical plumes by changing plume information and plume diffusion conditions to simulate the movement of chemical plumes in different environments. The effectiveness of UUV tracking and positioning method for chemical plume in different environments is verified by underwater simulation experiments.