The existing research on distributed positioning system node layout mainly focuses on two aspects. The first is based on theoretical derivation，adopting the best strategic layout for some special points，which makes the derivation model very complicated and not universally practical. The second follows certain principles，turning the node layout problem into an optimization problem，relying on intelligent optimization algorithm，optimizing the best station distribution strategy via iterative approximation，which is universally practical. Intelligent optimization algorithms can be used for calculations. By using the BELLHOP model，the simulation research of underwater acoustic channel is performed and the marine environment is simulated. Based on the TOA algorithm，the optimal layout simulation study of the adaptive genetic algorithm with the ocean sound ray model is conducted. The change of the signal transfer function caused by the bending of the sound ray causes the change of the signal-to-noise ratio， and finally leads to the change of the CRLB of the system error of the optimized function. This method is suitable for optimizing the layout of the distributed node marine environment.
