分布式节点海洋环境三维布局优化方法及仿真研究

Research on Optimization Method and Simulation of Three-dimensional Layout of Distributed Node Marine Environment

摘要:

现有的分布式定位系统节点布局研究主要集中在 2 个方面：1)基于理论推导，采取最佳战略布局一些特殊点，推导模型十分复杂，不具有普遍的实用性；2)按照一定的原则，将节点布局问题转化为最优化问题，借助智能优化算法寻优迭代逼近最佳布站策略，该方法具有普遍适用性。可采用智能优化算法进行计算。通过使用 BELLHOP 模型对水声信道进行仿真研究，模拟海洋环境，基于 TOA 算法进行加入海洋声线模型的自适应遗传算法节点最优布局仿真研究。由于声线弯曲造成的信号传递函数的改变，引起了信噪比的改变，最终导致了待优化函数系统误差的 CRLB 的改变，使此方法适用于分布式节点海洋环境优化布局。

Abstract:

The existing research on distributed positioning system node layout mainly focuses on two aspects. The first is based on theoretical derivation，adopting the best strategic layout for some special points，which makes the derivation model very complicated and not universally practical. The second follows certain principles，turning the node layout problem into an optimization problem，relying on intelligent optimization algorithm，optimizing the best station distribution strategy via iterative approximation，which is universally practical. Intelligent optimization algorithms can be used for calculations. By using the BELLHOP model，the simulation research of underwater acoustic channel is performed and the marine environment is simulated. Based on the TOA algorithm，the optimal layout simulation study of the adaptive genetic algorithm with the ocean sound ray model is conducted. The change of the signal transfer function caused by the bending of the sound ray causes the change of the signal-to-noise ratio， and finally leads to the change of the CRLB of the system error of the optimized function. This method is suitable for optimizing the layout of the distributed node marine environment.