基于寿命分布的机电设备预防性维修研究

Research on Preventive Maintenance Cycle of Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Based on Statistical Characteristics of Life

摘要:

机电设备事后性维修方式给产品的维修成本和维修工时带来了很大的浪费，而不科学的“定时” 预防性维修不但不能较有效地解决问题，反而可能给产品带来新的维修，确定合理的预防性维修周期可以有效降低维修资源成本。针对机电设备的特点，基于工程应用较广的威布尔寿命分布和贝叶斯条件概率开展分析，对预防性维修影响因素进行全面研究，鉴别出适合开展预防性维修的对象，确定出预防性维修周期方法和预防性检测维修周期模型。研究表明，应用寿命统计特性数据确定的 2 种分别基于失效率和可靠度的预防维修周期模型可以有效指导开展预防维修，降低维修资源成本，为预防性维修提供科学的方法。所做研究对于帮助工程人员开展预防性维修具有一定的指导意义。

Abstract:

The break-down maintenance of mechanical and electrical equipment brings a great waste of maintenance cost and man-hour. Unscientific "timing" preventive maintenance not only cannot solve the problem effectively，but may bring new maintenance to the product. Determining a reasonable preventive maintenance cycle can effectively reduce the cost of maintenance resources. In this paper，according to the characteristics of mechanical and electrical equipment，and based on the widely-used Weibull life distribution and Bayesian conditional probability analysis，the influencing factors of preventive maintenance are comprehensively studied，the suitable objects for preventive maintenance are identified，and the preventive maintenance cycle method and preventive detection maintenance cycle model are determined. The research shows that the 2 preventive maintenance cycle models respectively based on failure rate and reliability determined by life statistical characteristic data can effectively guide the implementation of preventive maintenance，reduce the cost of maintenance resources，and provide scientific methods for preventive maintenance. The preventive maintenance cycle method determined in this paper can help engineers to carry out preventive maintenance.