强干扰背景下水中微弱信号的垂直阵波束形成研究

Underwater Weak Signal Beamforming with Vertical Array under Strong Interference

摘要:

针对垂直阵在强干扰背景下采用常规波束形成方法难以估计目标俯仰角的问题，研究了超波束与逆波束形成等方法在垂直阵中的应用。讨论了超波束与逆波束形成原理，仿真分析了其波束图，表明分辨率比常规波束形成有明显提高。实测数据分析表明：超波束方法可以分辨目标与干扰的俯仰角轨迹，对角加载逆波束 MVDR 方法可以获得目标的俯仰角轨迹。研究结果解决了强干扰背景下微弱目标信号俯仰角难以估计的问题，为微弱目标定位提供了新的途径。

关键词:干扰抑制;垂直阵;超波束;逆波束

Abstract:

It’s difficult to estimate the pitch angle of a target under strong interference with a vertical array by using conventional beamforming(CBF)methods. Aiming at this problem，this paper studied the application of some new methods like hyper beamforming(HBF)and inverse beamforming(IBF). The theoretical basis of the two methods were discussed，and the simulated beam patterns showed that their resolutions were significantly improved compared to CBF. Field measured data showed that，the HBF distinguished the tracks of the target and interference， and the diagonal loading IBF MVDR method could obtain the target’s pitch angle track. This research primitively resolved the problem of pitch angle estimation of weak signal under strong interference，and provided a new approach for underwater weak signal’s localization.

Key words:interference suppression;vertical array;hyper beamforming(HBF);inverse beamforming(IBF)