圆阵低频超增益波束形成用于水下目标探测研究

Low Frequency Super Gain Beamforming in Circular Array for Underwater Target Detection Research

摘要:

针对小尺度基阵难以取得低频空间增益的问题，研究了圆阵超增益波束形成技术检测低频目标的方法。利用小尺度基阵低频噪声的空间相关性，求出基阵的相关系数矩阵，该矩阵对常规波束形成的权系数进行加权，产生超增益波束形成器的最优加权向量。计算机仿真与实测数据处表明：超增益波束形成技术能够在较低的工作频率上形成波束，获得更好的探测定位性能，有良好的应用前景。

关键词:水下目标探测;超增益波束形成;常规波束形成;圆阵

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of obtaining spatial gain at low frequency in a small array，this paper studies the method of detecting low frequency targets by super gain beamforming technology in a circular array. This paper resolves the correlation coefficient matrix of the circular array by exploiting the spatial correlation of the low frequency noise in the small array, and creates the optimal weighting vector of the super gain beamformer by weighting the weights of the conventional beamformer with the above mentioned matrix. Computer simulations and measured data show that the super gain beamforming method produces beams at low frequency, gets better detection and localization performance，and has good application prospect.

Key words:underwater target detection;super gain beamforming;conventional beamforming;circular array